Karina Mulya Rizky, Ahmad Mudzakir, Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto
This research was conducted to synthesise novel Eutectic Ionic Liquids (EILs) from cheap renewable sources, namely betaine and fatty acids (cis-oleic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid) for use as solvents in Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) waste processing to recover Rare Earth Elements (REEs) such as Yttrium and Europium. EILs were synthesised via a eutectic mixing method using heating based on molar ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, and 1:7. Leaching of REEs was based on the solvometallurgical method. Based on the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrum of EILs, there is a shift in the characteristic peak of each precursor towards betaine-fatty acids, which is caused by hydrogen bonds formed between the hydroxyl groups. The best conditions for the synthesis were EILs betaine-oleate with a molar ratio of 1:4 at 80-100 °C with a reaction time of 3 hours. The Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) characterisation results also revealed that the reaction that occurred was exothermic with the lowest freezing point found in betaine-oleate 1:4. According to X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) results, the performance of those EILs in REEs leaching showed the highest % recovery of 57.78% for Yttrium and 35.86% for Europium using 1:4 betaine-oleate. The best conditions for leaching were at a temperature of 80 °C with a reaction time of 48 hours and an L/S ratio of 10. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images also showed that the surface morphology of the CRT powder before and after leaching changed from rough and uneven to smoother and more even, so this indicates that there was metal leached. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results also identified differences in the composition of the CRT powder before and after leaching, thus proving that metal had been successfully leached. From those findings, the use of EILs in the recovery of REEs from CRT waste was promising due to its sustainability, but further research is needed to improve its efficiency. © School of Engineering, Taylor's University.
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi, No. 229, West Java, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia
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