Z. Nasri, S.M. Mat-Rasid, M.R. Abdullah, H. Juahir, A. Rusdiana, R.M. Musa, A.B.H.M. Maliki, N.A. Kosni
This study aims to assess the learning outcomes in Physical Education courses based on the aspects of communication, self-confidence, motivation, and enjoyment among students. A total of 250 secondary school students aged 14.9 ± 1.6 years have answered the questionnaire. Data analyses were carried out using Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) and followed by Discriminant Analysis (DA) to determine the accuracy of the formed clusters. AHC assigned three groups with different profiles. A total of 91 students were shown to experienced high effective learning, 67 students were demonstrated moderate effective learning and 92 students were acquired low effective learning. The standard mode of DA revealed 91.60% accuracy of the classification matrix between the assigned clusters with four discriminated variables. Meanwhile, Forward and Backward stepwise DA discriminated three out of four variables with 90.40% of accuracy. It could be from the results that students who achieve the learning outcomes in Physical Education courses have better communication, higher self-esteem, motivation, and enjoy the course. Further investigation should be carried out to determine the best teaching style to overcome the student's low level of effective learning in Physical Education. © 2024 Author(s).
Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak, Malaysia; Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia; East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia; Sports Science Study Program, Faculty of Sports and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, West Java, Indonesia; Centre for Fundamental and Liberal Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia; Academy of Defence Fitness, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Pahang, Malaysia
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