Productive Struggle in Solving Mathematical Problems: A Systematic Literature Review

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Siti Patunah, Agus Hendriyanto, Tatang Herman, Yaya S. Kusumah, Rike Erlande, Raisatunnisa

2026 AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. 3432 Issue 1 Conference paper Cited by 0 SDG 4 Quartile

Abstract

Productive struggle is the intellectual attitude of students to interpret challenging mathematical concepts and being in the capacity of reasoning or students' abilities. This research aims to study productive struggle solving mathematical problems at the elementary, junior high, high school, and university levels. This study used the systematic literature review (SLR) method, with a sample of 15 research results related to productive struggle in solving mathematical problems published within the last ten years. Data collection was carried out by documenting all research on productive struggles in solving mathematical problems in terms of year of publication, education level, publication media, research demographics, type of reearch, and research result. The result showed that the most years of related publications were in 2021, and the dominating participants were in Junior High School. United States of America (USA), as one of the largest populations, was the most frequent location for research, and qualitative research was the type of research often used by researchers with mixed results depending on student’s initial mathematical abilities, learning styles, cognitive or non-cognitive styles of students and effective learning methods used to improve productive struggle. © 2026 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.

Affiliations

Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Civic Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia

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