Apri Wiyono, Muhammad Aziz, Agus Sholehudin, Yusep Sukrawan, Purnawan, Rani Anggrainy, G.T.M. Kadja, Nugroho Agung Pambudi
Biomass stands out as a promising availability source of sustainable carbon energy due to its low pollution profile and versatile applications. This study investigates the multistage catalytic gasification (MCG) of coconut shells, employing thermal and catalytic cracking processes in a two-step gasification approach. Local source catalysts, including dolomite, kaolin, and zeolite, were utilized as eco-friendly additives at temperatures ranging from 200 to 300 °C. Zeolite emerged as the most effective catalyst, producing the highest energy content at 6.21 MJ/kg. Conversely, kaolin resulted in higher CO2 emissions. A blend of zeolite and kaolin achieved the highest energy content at 5.43 MJ/kg. However, the combined use of catalysts showed negligible improvements compared to individual catalysts. The study demonstrates that multistage catalytic gasification enhances syngas production and reduces tar content during the gasification of coconut shells. Optimal pyrolysis temperatures were identified within the 500–600 °C range. In conclusion, the introduction of multiple stages in the catalytic cracking process ensures a stable breakdown of hydrocarbon chains, promoting the exposure of gasification products to lighter compounds. Multistage catalytic gasification enhances oxygen supply for oxidation, thereby improving syngas production while mitigating tar and ash content. © 2024 The Author(s)
Department of Automotive Engineering Education, Faculty of Technology and Vocational Education, Indonesia University of Education Setiabudi No.229, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo4-6-1 Komaba, Tokyo, Meguro-ku, 153-8505, Japan; Department of Mechanical Engineering Education, Faculty of Technology and Vocational Education, Universitas Pendidikan, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, State University of Jakarta, Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia; Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering Education, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Sutami No.36, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
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