Christopher Gomez, Muhammad Anggri Setiawan, Noviyanti Listyaningrum, Sandy Budi Wibowo, Danang Sri Hadmoko, Wiwit Suryanto, Herlan Darmawan, Balazs Bradak, Rikuto Daikai, Sunardi Sunardi, Yudo Prasetyo, Annisa Joviani Astari, Lukman Lukman, Idea Wening Nurani, Moh. Dede, Indranova Suhendro, Franck Lavigne, Mukhamad Ngainul Malawani
Spatial approaches, based on the deformation measurement of volcanic domes and crater rims, is key in evaluating the activity of a volcano, such as Merapi Volcano, where associated disaster risk regularly takes lives. Within this framework, this study aims to detect localized topographic change in the summit area that has occurred concomitantly with the dome growth and explosion reported. The methodology was focused on two sets of data, one LiDAR-based dataset from 2012 and one UAV dataset from 2014. The results show that during the period 2012–2014, the crater walls were 100–120 m above the crater floor at its maximum (from the north to the east–southeast sector), while the west and north sectors present a topographic range of 40–80 m. During the period 2012–2014, the evolution of the crater rim around the dome was generally stable (no large collapse). The opening of a new vent on the surface of the dome has displaced an equivalent volume of 2.04 × 104 m3, corresponding to a maximum −9 m (+/−0.9 m) vertically. The exploded material has partly fallen within the crater, increasing the accumulated loose material while leaving “hollows” where the vents are located, although the potential presence of debris inside these vents made it difficult to determine the exact size of these openings. Despite a measure of the error from the two DEMs, adding a previously published dataset shows further discrepancies, suggesting that there is also a technical need to develop point-cloud technologies for active volcanic craters. © 2022 by the authors.
Laboratory of Sediment Hazards and Disaster Risks, Faculty of Oceanology, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; Center for Disaster Study, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55284, Indonesia; Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Department of Geographic Information Science, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 40133, Indonesia; Doctoral Program on Environmental Science, Postgraduate School (SPs), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Department of Geodetic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, 50277, Indonesia; Geographic Information Science Study Program, Faculty of Social Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia; National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia; Department of Development Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Laboratory of Physical Geography UMR 8591, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Thiais, 94320, France
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