Sri Utami, Qomaryah Romadhiyani Sachrowardi, Sonny Pamuji Laksono, Nunung Ainur Rahmah, Insan Sosiawan Tunru, Dewi Nurul Mustaqimah, Eko Purwanto, Aryenti, Susi Endrini, Irfan Syarif, Kholis Ernawati, Wahyu Widowati, Dwi Nur Triharsiwi, Eksa Adhwa Fadhilah, Dhanar Septyawan Hadiprasetyo, Haidir Syafrullah, Said Nafik, Betharie Cendera Arrahmani
Ultraviolet (UV) exposure accelerates skin aging by inducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix degradation. Malus domestica (apple) extract (AE) is rich in antioxidants and bioactive compounds that may counteract these effects. This study evaluates the protective effects of AE on fibroblast cells exposed to UV radiation by assessing the expression of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), Caspase 3 (Casp-3), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX). Fibroblast cells were exposed to UV radiation and treated with different concentrations of AE (3.13, 6.25, 12.5 µg/mL). Gene expression levels of TIMP-1, Casp-3, and GPX were analyzed using qRT-PCR. AE significantly increased TIMP-1 and GPX expression while downregulating Casp-3 in a concentration-dependent manner. The highest concentration (12.5 µg/mL) demonstrated the most pronounced protective effects. These results suggest that apple extract enhances extracellular matrix stability, reduces oxidative stress, and inhibits apoptosis in UV-exposed fibroblasts. AE exhibits potent anti-aging properties by modulating key molecular pathways involved in skin damage. This study provides scientific evidence supporting its potential as an active ingredient in skincare formulations for UV protection and skin rejuvenation. © 2025, Walailak University. All rights reserved.
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas YARSI, Central Jakarta, Indonesia; Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas YARSI, Central Jakarta, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Abdurrab, Riau, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, Indonesia; Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung, Indonesia; Biology Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, West Java, Cimahi, Indonesia; Nursing Study Program, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Dharma Husada Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia; Directorate General of Intellectual Property, Ministry of Law and Human Rights Republic of Indonesia, South Jakarta, Indonesia; Risk and Regulatory Consulting Pharma and Life Sciences, PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) GmbH WPG, Frankfurt, Germany
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